Many cases of autism are caused by genetic defects that disrupt the brain's ability to learn, according to groundbreaking research that promises to lead to new therapies. A set of six genes that are strongly linked to brain development in the first year of life have been found to be abnormal in many autistic children, suggesting a neurological pathway that may underlie a significant proportion of cases. The findings are particularly significant because some of these genes are not deleted entirely in autistic children, but are kept switched off by mutations in surrounding control regions of their DNA.
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